仙客来的秋季管理方法
(1)更换盆土。莳养仙客来进入秋季的首要任务,是更换盆土。对早春播种的幼苗与繁殖的新株,应带部分宿土,更换大一号盆。对开过花夏季休眠的老株,则将球茎从盆中磕出,用清水洗净泥土,剪去2~3厘米以下的老根,在百菌轻或多菌灵溶液中浸泡半小时晾干后,栽于大一号盆中。培养土一般用腐叶土、田园土各4份、河沙2份。上盆后浇透水,放于荫蔽处,无论老株或幼株,都不能深栽,以球茎露出1/3~1/2为宜,以防浇水过多致使球茎腐烂。
(2)浇水施肥。由于秋季气候多变,晴天与雨天蒸发量不同。为使盆土有良好的透气性,每次都要浇透水。浇水时间以上午为好,既可避免因午间高温致植株萎谢,又可避免下午浇水温差太大造成新陈代谢失调。随着气温的不断下降,仙客来生长速度逐步加快,植株所需养分相应增多。
因此,除在换盆时在培养土里混入迟效复合肥或在盆底施农家肥,在换盆缓苗之后,应每半月施1次稀薄液肥,且随着植株生长速度的加快,施肥的间隔时间要逐渐缩短,浓度加大。现蕾之后还需增施磷钾肥,以使花多色艳。
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