盆栽牡丹的种植方法
盆栽牡丹的种植方法,牡丹一般多露地栽培,若盆栽,须注意以下几点,才能开出硕大而鲜艳的花朵。
(1)盆栽宜选择适应性强、花期较早、花型较好的品种,如洛阳红、二乔(菊花型)、赵粉(皇冠型)等品种。植株宜选用芍药做砧木嫁接的3年生小棵牡丹或具有3~5个枝干的分株苗。盆栽后第一年不一定能开出好花,继续培养1~2年就能连年开花。
(2)花盆宜选用桶式瓦盆,盆土可用饼肥和砂质壤土的混合土,或用充分腐烂的厩肥、园田土、粗砂各1/3混合均匀的培养土。上盆时间以9月下旬至10月上旬为宜。栽前需将牡丹晾根1~2天,使根变软便于栽植,并剪去枯枝和过长的根,伤口处涂以木炭或用1%的硫酸钠溶液消毒(约5分钟),以防病菌感染。栽前用碎瓦片垫好盆底的排水孔,再铺3~5厘米厚的小石子,以利排水。移栽时将根理直,然后分层填士,用手压实,使根与盆土密切接触,覆土到根颈处,压实,上面留约3厘米的沿口,栽后浇水,放半阴处缓苗,缓苗后转入正常的管理。
(3)华北等地,天气寒冷,立冬前后搬入室内放在冷冻房间的向阳处,室温保持0℃即可。第二年清明前后出室,放背风向阳处养护。夏季防止曝晒。 星
(4)浇水是否得当,是盆栽牡丹成败的一个关键问题。早春出室后,先施1次 厢肥,然后浇透水,水渗后松土,保持盆土湿度,直到现蕾。若盆上过干则可再浇1次小水,直至开花,以后经常保持盆土湿润状态为宜。夏季连阴雨天,要及时倾倒盆花内的积水,以防烂根。入冬前浇1次透水,并施以充分腐熟的稀薄肥水。早春牡丹展叶时,追施1~2次液肥;花后再施1~2次液肥,伏天施1次干肥(每盆约50克),有利于花芽分化,以上就是关于盆栽牡丹的种植方法的介绍。
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