播种繁殖成败的要点是什么?
播种繁殖成败的要点是种子品质的优劣。播种前对种子的处理、播种的时间、播种后的管理对繁殖成败都有决定性的影响。
①播种前要选择品质优良的种子,在同一品种中应选择种粒大而饱满的,同一品种应选择充分成熟的、有光泽、纯正的当年种子。未播种时,应将种子保存在低温低湿环境中,以降低其呼吸量。
②播种前除选种外,还需对一些硬粒种子进行处理,打破其休眠,常用方法有浸种、剥壳、挫伤种皮、拌种、去除绵毛,或用药物处理等,以促进其发芽。
③播种时间可根据当地的气候情况、花卉特性及开花时间而定。一年生草花多在春季4—5月播种;二年生花卉一般在8~9月播种。生长期短的,也可在6—7月播种;生长期长的,可提前2~3月播种。有些春季开花的花卉,若要提早在年内开花,也可提前进行夏秋播种。温室花卉大多数在1~4月进行播种,若需要在冬季或早春开花的,可在6~10月间播种。
④播种前应对土壤和种子进行消毒处理。播种后应注意水分管理,初期湿度宜大,后期水分不宜过多。并注意通风透气、荫蔽。在种子发芽后,可逐渐使其照射阳光,并控制肥水。
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