家庭花卉养殖如何配制培养土
室内及温室花卉大多栽植在盆内。由于花盆体积有限,植物生长期又长,一方面要求培养土有足够的营养物质,另一方面又要求培养土有良好的结构,大小孔隙配合适当,有一定的保水、保肥功能,又有良好的通气性。因此,需要人工调制混合土壤,这种土壤被称为培养土。花卉种类繁多,生活习性各异,培养土应根据花卉习性和材料的性质调配。一般培养土的配方如下:
①一般草花培养土配方:腐叶土30%+园土50%+河沙20%或塘泥3份+堆肥l份+砻糠灰l份。
②木本花卉培养土配方:腐叶土40%+园土50%+河沙10%。
③播种培养土配方:腐叶土50%+园土30%+河沙20%或园土2份+砻糠灰l份+河沙l份。
④温室花卉培养土配方:腐叶土40%+园土40%+河沙20%。
⑤喜阴湿花卉培养土配方:腐叶土2份+河沙1份+锯末或泥炭1份。
⑥喜酸性花卉培养土配方:山泥或垃圾土2份+锯末或泥炭1份。
⑦扦插用土培养土配方:园土50%+菪糠灰50%。
观花观果类植物,还要在土壤中添加少量骨粉或过磷酸钙,以补充土壤中的磷钾肥。
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