阳台盆花夏季的主要管理措施?
夏季是盆花生长发育的季节,但天气炎热,气候多变,降雨量大,病虫害较多,需精心养护。
(1)防酷暑高温:一些喜凉的花卉,如杜鹃、仙客来、何氏凤仙、四季海棠、大丽花、一串红、丁香、石竹等应及时放置于阴凉通风处,勤往地上及盆花周围洒水,创造阴凉湿润的小气候。盆花浇水可早晚各一次。
(2)防暴晒灼伤:忌强烈阳光暴晒的花卉有秋海棠属花卉、君子兰、龟背竹、花叶芋、吊兰、花叶万年青及各种耐阴的蕨类观叶植物等。中午时分尤应注意为盆花遮阴,文竹、昙花等应放于阴处,并经常喷水,最好在花卉上方搭设苇帘遮阴。
(3)防涝:浇水时要注意花盆排水是否通畅,积水的要及时脱盆,重新垫好盆底,孔太小要凿大孔洞,以利排水。
(4)施肥:可用鱼鳞水、淘米水、臭蛋壳、动物骨头等混合加水沤制腐熟后加水稀释10—20倍,每周施1次。
(5)预防病虫害:夏季是病虫害的多发季,应经常注意防病虫害的发生和蔓延。在多雨闷热天气,玫瑰花易患黑斑病,鸡冠花易患褐斑病,多数花卉易患立枯型萎倒病等。在干热的天气,则是红蜘蛛发病的高峰期。因此,盆花应保持适宜的湿度及良好的通风。另外,盆花移到室外以后还要注意防暴雨,如有积水及时倒掉,以防根部腐烂。
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