花卉入冬前如何提高抗寒能力
花卉入冬前如何提高抗寒能力,冬季的低温常常导致花卉的严重损害,所以提高花卉的越冬抗寒能力,使其安全越冬是一个很重要的环节。防冻工作在入秋后即着手进行,应该做好以下几项工作:
(1)及早撤去遮荫物。人秋后及时拆去荫棚上的遮荫物,虽然最初一段时间会因光照、温度、湿度等环境条件发生变化而使植株出现失水、叶色稍黄和光泽不足等现象,但由于受到充足的阳光照射,可以有利于花卉的光合作用,使植株积累充足的养分,提高植物体内的糖分浓度,从而提高植物的防寒能力。
(2)增施磷钾肥。人秋后施用过多的氮肥会使花卉的营养生长过旺而造成植株的组织过于柔弱,从而降低花卉的抗寒能力。应在初秋每10~15天根外喷施1次磷酸二氢钾,以促进茎叶组织的老化与健壮,并使植物的细胞浓度增加,从而有利于花卉的越冬。
(3)减少水分供应。入秋后逐步减少浇水量,并停止叶面喷水,可使植株的组织老化充实。
(4)低温锻炼。霜降后,在花卉能够忍耐的情况下,不要急于将花卉移入室内,应尽量让花卉接受较低温度的锻炼,使花卉逐步适应低温的环境,增加抗寒能力。
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